CENTRAL POULTRY DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION, Mumbai was established during 1959 with the objective of maintaining, acclimatizing and multiplying exotic breeds of poultry in order to meet the needs of public and private sector of the western region for day old chicks and hatching eggs.
Accordingly exotic stocks were imported during 1959-60 from Australia and USA.
These birds were acclimatized to the Indian climate and since the 1960 to 1970 this farm has sold 6,89,666 day old chicks and 26,010 (1965-66 to 1969-70) growers/pullets (Annexure-I) to farmers. The farm has made an expenditure of Rs.19,10,091/-; capital expenditure of Rs.2,06,979/-; feed expenditure of Rs.8,18,404/- (Annexure-II) during above period and receipts made to tune of Rs.17,12,781/-.
Thus the objective was well achieved.
Since 1970, Government of India improved the objectives as under:
1. Improvement of economic traits of different strains/breeds by adopting modern scientific breeding and selection techniques.
2. Development/evaluation of high producing hybrid laying chicken to meet increasing commercial needs and
3. Production and supply of high quality pure line/parent stock to public and private organizations.
To achieve above objective a post of Geneticist was created which subsequently redesignated to Director. (28.9.1972), Scientific poultry breeding for improving egg number number was initiated in B and M-line of white leghorn. During 1975-77 diallel trials were undertaken to identify the best male line and female line. In 1978 a hybrid cross (named BH-78) was released for commercial exploitation. This hybrid bird was tested in All India Random Sample Tests and was found to be best in physical and financial performance. It had a potential of 260 eggs with average weight of 52 grams.
Since 1971 to 1980 the farm has sold more than 8 lakhs day old commercial chicks, more than 15 thousands parent chicks and about 62 thousand grown up pullets of BH-78 for commercial exploitation. The total expenditure during period 1971 to 1988 was Rs.89,57,583/- inclusive of feed expenses. The farm receipt during above period was Rs.66,90,365/-. Thus farm could recover much more than feed cost and little less than total expenditure. The additional expenditure was on development of infrastructure, breeding stocks and additional staff to under take breeding programmes like recording of each egg and measurement of other parameters from scientific breeding. In 1982 the farm developed one more line from the B Line and named it B-2 Line and imported one more line from CANADA named it C Line for improving the egg weight of BH-78 as the farmer became quality conscious also.
The farm could release improved BH-78 during 1984 which was combination of B1 x B2 as Male line and M x C as female line. The improved BH-78 had potential of 280 eggs per year with average egg weight of 58 grams. It was almost comparable to the chicks available from private breeders.
The farm has done its main job of establishing poultry industry in India. The constant guidance and encouragement to farmers and breeders of the region has only resulted to vast development in private sector.
Government of India has realized the fact that private breeders have developed Commercial Bird for high egg production which was capable of laying 300 eggs per annum with average egg weight of 58 grams. This was well accepted by farmers. The credit of the improvement by Private Breeders also goes to the technical guidance given by scientist of Central Poultry Breeding Farms which was one of the goals. Thus now Government of India has again diversified the objective as under since 1998:
CHANGED OBJECTIVES & ACHIEVEMENTS:
(a) To convert these Central Poultry Breeding Farms into Regional Poultry Directorates so as to meet all requirements of poultry sector exclusively in the un-organized backward sector which still contribute to about 40% of total egg production of the country, through a single window approach i.e. training, monitoring of feed quality, availability of quality chicks, project preparation and other related extension activities including diversification of poultry production programme which so far has been concentrated on chicken. Development and supply of Japanese quails at Central Poultry Development Organization, Mumbai.
(b) To develop rural poultry in India so as to improve the socio-economic of rural poor. To make available quality chicks/Hatching eggs of low input technology birds. To diversify from chicken to quail & Turkey also. To analyse various feed/feed ingredients & develop least cost feed formulations. To provide basic training to farmers, women beneficiaries NGO's. To adopt 5-10 villages to make them Model Poultry Village. To provide facility of disease of dignosis
ACHIEVEMENTS:
Due to change in breeding policy since August, 1998, the programme of breeding for commercial White Leghorn was limited to minimum. New breeds and lines introduced for producing low input technology birds. (See list of low input technology birds of C.P.D.O., Mumbai ) Japanese quails and Turkey introduced under diversification programme.
During above period of seven years farm has produced 1.88, 3.95, 2.76, 1.25, 2.71, 3.46, 2.80 and 2.81 (total 21.62) lakhs day old chicks respectively including 5386, 3705, 9481, 15572, 14120,41536,25634 and 29991 (total 1,45,434) parent day old chicks. In addition the farm has sold 1.33, 2.54, 0.78, 0.66, 0.96, 0.31, 0.96 and 1.22 (total 8.86) hatching eggs and 0.00, 0.12, 0.03, 0.03, 0.02, 0.18, 0.10 and 0.10 parent hatching eggs respectively. The receipts over feed cost 109%, 128%, 107% 121%, 129%, 190% and 134.87respectively during last seven years. The utilization of hatchery capacity as well as farm capacity improved during last seven years as under : 2000-01 = 38% , 2001-02 = 79%, 2002-03 = 55% , 03-04=45%, 04-05=54%, 05-06=69% 06-07=56% and 07-08= 83.47%.
Under diversification activities the farm could stream line quail hatching, farming, training, and catering under licenses for each issued by the office. The quail chicks’ production in western region has been reported to be about 1 lakh/month. C.P.D.O., Mumbai has sold hatching eggs 11815, 18304, 15276, 14155, 14166, 57614 AND 52873 during last 7 years and d/o chicks 49219, 31174, 27036, 10620, 132938, 200015 and 174290 during last 7 years.
Turkey introduced on 28.3.2005 as a Pilot Project and sold 86, 368 and 354 (Total 808) hatching eggs and 292, 974 and 2710 day old poults (Total 3976) during 2005-06, 06-07 & 2007-08
Training and Extension activities also exploited. Farmers trained during last 7 years under rural Poultry development 11, 46, 303, 371, 464,606 and 600. Two Farmer’s Seminars organized which was attended by 100 farmers. 3rd Western Regional Poultry Conference was organized during 2002-03. Fourth western regional poultry conference organized on 17-18 Jan.2005 during 2004-05
The farm has been recognized by Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Science University, Nagpur for research work for award of M.V.Sc. and Ph. D. degrees. During last 6 years following students have completed research work at C.P.D.O. , Mumbai.
1) Ph. D. (Poultry Genetics & Breeding) One student
2) M.V.Sc. (Poultry Genetics & Breeding) Three students
3) Ph. D. (Poultry Science) One student
The technical staff of farm has contributed 32 articles (presented and participated) in International and National Conferences/Journals during 6 years.
The farm is also supplying live embroyonated eggs for research work to several colleges (Zoology Dept.) and Bombay Veterinary College & Medical Collages/Hospitals on a regular basis. Thus, the activities of farm have been a boon to various educational/research sectors like Nair hospital, Mumbai on regular/weekly basis
